Weather in Antarctica is characterized by extremes: extreme temperatures, extreme winds, and extremely variable local conditions. All of these extremes make Antarctica a difficult place to work and live. Without being there yourself it is difficult to imagine just how cold it is. Temperatures can vary from below -20°F (-29°C) to above freezing during the course of a season. The persistent winds increase the wind chill effect which makes humans susceptible to hypothermia and frostbite.

In general, the rule of thumb for living in a cold environment is to pile on lots of insulation, and to remove that insulation layer by layer as you get warmer and begin to sweat. This requires a clothing system that allows layers to be shed quickly and easily before you get damp from perspiration.

To dress for the cold you need to think in four layers:

• First Layer: tight, nonabsorbent materials that wick moisture away from the body.
• Mid Layers: loose fitting clothes that trap air and keep body moisture away.
• Insulation and Shell Layer: thick, warm protective garments that are windproof, waterproof, and breathable to let moisture escape.
• Accessories: additional protection for the head, neck and hands is necessary to keep extremities warm.

How would you dress this scientist up to survive Antarctica's frigid temperatures?

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