What do those abbreviations mean?

The letters indicate where the fossil was found:

AL Afar Locality, Ethiopia
BOU-VP Bouri Vertebrate Paleontology, Ethiopia
ER East (Lake) Rudolf, Kenya
KNM Kenya National Museum (where fossil is on display)
KP Kanapoi, Kenya
KT Koro Toro, Chad
OH Olduvai Hominid, Tanzania
SK Swartkrans, South Africa
Sts Sterkfontein type site, South Africa
WT West (Lake) Turkana, Kenya

The number of the fossil found at that site follows.

For instance, KNM-ER 3733 was the 3,733 specimen found in East Rudolf. It is on display at the Kenya National Museum.